GREM1 and pulmonary fibrosis: Originally identified as a pathogenic mediator of diabetic nephropathy (DN) (Dolan et al. 2005), amplified GREM1 mRNA levels have also been implicated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Myllärniemi et al. 2008), pulmonary artery hypertension (Wellbrock et al. 2015), osteoarthritis (Chang et al. 2019), and chronic pancreatitis (Staloch et al. 2015).