Caspase-8 is activated in murine macrophages and IECs in response to infection by multiple pathogens, including Yersinia (44, 56, 82), and can process caspase-1 substrates such as IL-1β and GSDMD to mediate pyroptosis in the absence of caspase-1 (56, 64, 83). This evidence concerns the gene CASP8 and infection.