MEFV and infection: Notably, although YopE-mediated cytoskeletal disruption activates the pyrin inflammasome, which is inhibited by YopM during infection of murine macrophages (40, 46), YopM had no impact on inflammasome activation in human IECs even in the presence of YopE (Fig. 4A), potentially due in part to low expression of pyrin in IECs (122, 123).