Nevertheless, a clinical study revealed a correlation between serum inflammatory markers in clinically stable patients with COPD and their dietary intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids; specifically, individuals with high levels of alpha-linolenic acid intake had lower serum TNF-α concentrations and individuals with high intakes of arachidonic acid had higher levels of IL-6 and CRP (127). Here, TNF is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.