CTLA4 and neoplasm: However, it is noteworthy to mention that contrasting results have been reported in multiple studies where increased or maintained levels of Tregs in peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) of cancer patients were indicated following anti-CTLA-4 therapy (20), suggesting variable outcomes regarding the impact of CTLA-4 blockade on Tregs in relation to human tumors.