De- and re-generation after nerve injury and repair in healthy rats and in rats with diabetes (i.e., Goto-Kakizaki rats, resembling T2D) induce the upregulation of HSP27 both locally in the injured nerve as well as in the sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (Stenberg et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene HSPB1 and diabetes mellitus.