It was reported that NSUN2 could cooperate with Y-box-binding protein 1 (YBX1), an m5C ‘reader’, to drive pathogenesis of human urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) by stabilizing oncogenic mRNAs, such as heparin-binding growth factor (HDGF), via m5C methylation (Fig. 3b) [91]. Here, YBX1 is linked to bladder transitional cell carcinoma.