In addition to playing a role in hepatic fibrosis, many of these proteins are reported to promote chemotaxis, cytokine induction, matrix metalloprotease-9 (Mmp9) release, the generation of reactive oxygen species [ROS (genes as in 40 weeks, Ecto-NOX Disulfide-Thiol Exchanger 2, Enox2)], and macrophage differentiation in response to inflammation and tissue injury (Figures 2A,B) (32). Here, MMP9 is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.