TNF and breast cancer: HuR can be linked to a variety of regulatory factors, such as Von Hippel Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL), cyclin A, MMP-9, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), VEGF, and p53.11 Previous studies have shown that HuR overexpression can be detected in ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer tissues.12–16 Although there are many related studies on HuR, our understanding of its function and mechanism is still limited to a few cell types.