SPRN and neoplasm: We then analyzed the association of the risk genes with the 28 immune cell types, and the results revealed that ARID5A, IGLV7-46, FAM19A2, and ICOSLG were significantly positively correlated with multiple immune cells, while SPRN showed a negative correlation with multiple immune cells (Fig. 10G), suggesting a correlation between our signature and the tumor immune microenvironment.