Gene expression analysis showed that chemokines such as Ccl2 and Ccl8 and cell proliferation markers such as Mki67 and Birc5 were highly expressed in cluster 3 (Fig. 4I), indicating that 8 mg/kg of smTRAIL may induce tumor cell “activation” and secretion of chemokines to recruit immune cells. This evidence concerns the gene BIRC5 and neoplasm.