In contrast to the 4T1 and CT26 models, Ccl2 mRNA expression in CT26-TRAIL-R-KO tumor tissues was not affected by smTRAIL treatment, whereas Ccl2 mRNA expression in 4T1-TRAIL-R-KO tumor tissues was significantly inhibited in the smTRAIL-treated groups (Fig. S4C and Fig. 4L). Here, CCL2 is linked to neoplasm.