CXCL8 and neoplasm: Some cytokines, such as IL-8 and IL-10, may counteract the efficacy of PD-L1/PD-1 blockade therapy [27, 28] and affect the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) [3], the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME).