CD274 and neoplasm: Several ICI therapies target this interaction by binding to PD-L1 or PD-1 to stimulate an anti-tumor immune response, though it must be noted that ICI therapies can cause diarrhea, colitis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, pneumonitis, and myocarditis, (Wang D. Y. et al., 2018), can increase risk of sepsis in individuals who are already at risk for this condition (Zhang et al., 2023), and occasionally cause mucositis (Jacob et al., 2021).