APP and Alzheimer disease: Recent publication reveals that Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele remains the strongest known genetic risk factors for late onset AD in which it will manifest abundant alteration of amyloid precursor protein (APP) plaques in beta-amyloid (Aβ) and increase production of cholesterol in astrocytes once the mutation occurs (Ooi et al., 2020; Kulas et al., 2023).