AQP4 and neuromyelitis optica: Two relevant aspects are then generated: these antibodies indicate a greater risk of neurological manifestations in patients with SLE, and their prevalence in some cohorts seems to be higher, making it relevant to determine their positivity.A subgroup of patients with SLE is seropositive for Antiaquaporin 4 (AQP4), which is highly specific for the diagnosis of NMO and leads to direct injury to the central nervous system as a result of astrocyte injury by antibody and complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.