CCL2 and neoplasm: In addition, dual targeting of EGFR and mTOR pathways has also been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth and macrophage infiltration on GBM xenografts by downregulation of CCL2 (34), an immunosuppressive cytokine that shapes the macrophage polarization toward a tumor-promoting, immunosuppressive phenotype, and significantly shortened the survival of GBM-bearing mice (30, 35).