For instance, ferroptotic PDAC cells can release KRAS-G12D protein, which drives tumor growth through polarization of macrophages (Dai et al., 2020), whereas the release of high mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1) and membrane proteoglycan decorin (DCN) can stimulate anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell responses (Wen et al., 2019; Liu et al., 2022b). This evidence concerns the gene DCN and neoplasm.