Throughout this process, the tumor cells produce a group of signaling molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) (44), including calreticulin (CRT) that exposes on the cell surface, secreted ATP, heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) (Figure 3). This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and neoplasm.