The combination of both nanoformulations transformed the ‘cold’ TME into a ‘hot’ one, supported by increased numbers of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12 and reduced numbers of MDSCs, Tregs, tumor-associated macrophages (M2), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.