Given the early onset of mutations in the TP53 tumour suppressor gene across a broad spectrum of human cancers [143] and a more than 80% occurrence of these mutations in fluke-associated chloangiocarcinoma cases [118], inferring the age at which driver mutations occur in the TP53 gene is likely to be an important factor for understanding the latency period of fluke-induced cholangiocarcinoma and developing early prognosis tools for screening at-risk patients. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cancer.