FTO and neoplasm: R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG), produced by mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) enzymes, exhibits a extensive anti-leukemic activity by inhibiting FTO activity and increasing m6A RNA modification in R-2HG-sensitive leukemia cells [86]. However, drug resistance or decreasing sensitivity to radiotherapy continues to be a dominant barrier to remedial treatment, leading to treatment failure and tumour progression.