CD8A and HIV-1 infection: Overall, the T-cell activation as determined by the proportion HLA-DR+/CD38+ or Ki67+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cell, increased after HIV-1 infection, but no significant differences between PWH carrying the minor allele of rs4131564 and PWH homozygous for the major allele were observed either before or after seroconversion (Fig. 1c–f).