Pathway analyses indicated that affected pathways are mostly associated with immune functions and infection responses, such as granulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, the role of MAPK signaling in inhibiting the pathogenesis of influenza, agranulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, the role of hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinemia in the pathogenesis of influenza, MIF regulation of innate immunity, and the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway (Table 1D). This evidence concerns the gene MIF and influenza.