When paired with other inflammatory agents, continuous TNF-α exposure induces tumor cells to multiply and grow through angiogenesis, which can lead to EMT in human cancer cell lines, CXCR2 and CXCR3 expression in renal cell cancer cell lines, and IFN-γ and TNF-α expression in thyroid cancer [119]. Here, TNF is linked to renal cell adenocarcinoma.