NOS3 and Abnormality of mitochondrial metabolism: Oxidative stress has been increased as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling, resulting in endothelial dysfunction, the aberrant activity of NADPH oxidases (NOX), suppressed activity of antioxidant enzymes and low molecular weight antioxidants (Galvan et al. 2017).