AFP and neoplasm: Compared with PIV‐AFP status 1, 2, 3, status 4 showed the following divergences: younger ages (p = 0.005); larger tumor size in diameters(p = 0.015); higher prevalence of poor tumor differentiation (p < 0.001), multiple tumor nodules (p = 0.016); higher prevalence of liver capsule invasion (p < 0.001) and MVI (p < 0.001); more advanced BCLC stage (p < 0.001), as well as higher rate of prophylactic targeted therapy postoperatively; the correlation between baseline characteristics with the PIV‐AFP status was demonstrated in Table 1.