Some act as viral sensors (DDX3, DDX41, DHX9, DDX1/DDX21/DHX36 complex), and others have roles in innate immune activation (DDX60, DDX60L, DDX23), and still others (DDX39A, DDX46, DDX5 and DDX24) act as negative regulators and impede interferon (IFN) production upon viral infection [89]. Here, DDX5 is linked to viral infectious disease.