BMPR2 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: The androgen metabolite DHEA is shown to restore cardiac remodelling and increase right ventricular function in rat models for experimentally induced PAH.128,160 Further, DHEA treatment of PAH patient-derived PASMCs increased BMPR2 mRNA expression,128 explaining an increased disease penetrance in individuals with low DHEA-S levels.164–166 Therefore, DHEA (or DHEA-sulphate, -S) treatment is currently investigated in a clinical setting.161