The current study investigated the therapeutic effects of inhibition of GSDMD activation by the novel GSDMD inhibitor N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-Leu-Leu-Ser-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone (Z-LLSD-FMK), the specific caspase-1 inhibitor N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone (Z-YVAD-FMK), and a combination of both on atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice fed a western diet at 5 weeks of age, and further determined the efficacy of these polypeptide inhibitors in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and atherosclerosis.