And 7 patients maintained their response until the end of the follow-up.463 Additionally, the combination of CD19 CAR-T cells and PD-1 blockade was proven to reduce intracranial tumor burden in a patient with centrally-invasive lymphoma.464 However, some researchers have chosen to construct endogenous PD-1 dominant-negative receptors (DNRs) within CAR-T cells to allow them to bind both TAA and PD-1 on tumor cells, ensuring that CAR-T function is not inhibited.465,466 In combination with CAR-T cell therapy, HSCT is also a popular alternative. This evidence concerns the gene CD19 and lymphoma.