PNPLA3 and Hepatic steatosis: It is well known that a common mutation (I148M) in the PNPLA3 gene is highly related to liver steatosis [103], and findings in vitro and in mice have shown that the I148M mutation results in increased PNPLA3 binding to CGI-58 and diminished ATGL-mediated lipolysis of hepatic TG [104].