In previous research, the cancers of each individual in the TCGA database have been clustered into six subtypes based on the immune status: C1 (wound healing), C2 (IFN-g dominant), C3 (inflammatory), C4 (lymphocyte depleted), C5 (immunologically quiet), and C6 (TGF-b dominant) [21]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.