Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of the 81 patients involved in primary analysis were as follows: mean age, 61.5 years (SD, 11.4); men, 51 (64%); White, 44 (55%); Black, 25 (31%); Asian, 2 (2.5%); Hispanic, 2 (2.5%); mean BMI, 34.4 kg/m2 (SD, 6.6); mean diabetes duration, 16.9 years (SD, 9.6); treated with metformin, 54 (67.5%); treated with other antihyperglycemics, 44 (54.3%); mean HbA1C, 8.2% (SD, 1.5); and mean total daily dose of insulin, 82.4 units (SD, 72.3). Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.