TLR4 and cancer: Several steps mediate its anti-tumor effects: 1) LPS first binds to the LPS first binds to protein/sensitizer CD14 (179) 2), both then binding to the TLR4/MD-2 complex (180), 3) which triggers MyD88 signaling, 4) and leads to an IFN-type 1 response, NF-kappaB and activation of TAMs in the TME, thus switching “on” the M1 anti-cancer fighter phenotype (pro-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic) and overcoming the acquiescent M2 (anti-inflammatory pro-tumorigenic phenotype) (7, 181, 182).