TGFB1 and keloid: Multiple hypotheses for keloid formation have been suggested, such as dysregulation of inflammatory signaling pathways [11, 12], the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathways [13, 14], and the Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding domain (TAZ) signaling pathway [15].