Comparison of two T1D patient groups—with and without hospitalization – showed the following risk factors for hospitalization: foreign nationality and/or ethnic minority (67 vs 39%, p = 0.001), high HbA1c (11 vs 8.2%, p = 0.001) and a reduced frequency of diabetes technology use, i.e. insulin pumps/continuous glucose monitors (26 vs 54%, p = 0.001, 39 vs 75%, p = 0.001) [19]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.