From a map of predicted target genes that were differentially expressed in HSPCs in VEXAS patients to a ligand-receptor activity heatmap (Figure 6E), ligand-receptor interactions between immune cells and HSPCs were consistent with upregulation of genes including STAT1, TNFAIP3, ITGAL, and GZMA involved in inflammation in HSPCs. This evidence concerns the gene TNFAIP3 and VEXAS syndrome.