INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: We used the diagnosis date as the index date and the nearest echocardiogram result to classify patients as HFrEF (n = 2,430), HFmrEF (n = 1,646), HFpEF (n = 12,440) and followed them through 2019 for major clinical outcomes (all-cause mortality, HF hospitalizations [HHF], all-cause hospitalizations, incident chronic kidney disease [CKD], progression of eGFR category, progression of CKD, incident type 2 diabetes [T2D], and progression to insulin use).