According to some recent studies, defects in the function of mitochondria and excessive buildup of ROS in HC are key mechanisms of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss.335,336 Neomycin represses PINK1 mRNA transcription by activating ATF3 in cochlear HCs and decreases PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy.336 Deficiency in mitophagy causes massive dysfunctional mitochondria and ROS accumulation, inducing the death of hair cells and following hearing loss. Here, PINK1 is linked to hearing loss disorder.