LDHD and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: It has been reported that LDHD localizes in the mitochondria.34 To confirm the location of LDHD in KYSE410 and KYSE450 cells, we firstly stained these cells with mito-tracker and FITC-labeled LDHD antibody simultaneously and the immunofluorescent staining photography demonstrated that LDHD had a very clear location with cellular mitochondria in ESCC cells (Fig. 4j).