In our study, NeuroD4 successfully reprogrammed U251 and KNS89 glioblastoma cell lines into a neural differentiation state, achieving an efficiency of over 90%, which is comparable to the reprogramming efficiency achieved by overexpressing ASCL1 or knocking down PTBP1 [19, 28]. The gene discussed is PTBP1; the disease is glioblastoma.