In lines with TWAS results, eight genes including PTPN22, PUS10, PPIP5K2, ZNF322, IRF5, PSMD5, YAF2 and TMEM50B were remarkably overexpressed, while seven genes including PGBD1, PHF19, PGAP3, GSDMB, ORMDL3, TYK2 and UBASH3A were decreased in RA patients compared with healthy controls (online supplemental table S6). Here, IRF5 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.