In the SA signaling pathway, accumulation of SA can result in transformation of the SA receptor, NONEXPRESSOR OF PR GENES 1 (NPR1), from an inactive to active form, followed by its translocation into the nucleus to facilitate expression of the SA-dependent defensive genes, such as PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE 1 (PR1), during pathogen infection (Ding and Ding 2020) (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene TMEM37 and infection.