Consistently, downregulation of mesenchymal markers and upregulation of an epithelial marker, E-cadherin (CHD1), were observed in Caki-1 and 786-O ccRCC cells with KSRP-KD or NEDD4L overexpression (Fig. 3G; Additional file 1: Fig. S7). Here, CHD1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.