In this study, we evaluated the transcript and protein levels of SERCA2a and PLN in cardiac explants obtained from 3 groups: 114 patients with HF with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM; 77% male; age, 51.4±11.4 years), 65 patients with HF with ischemic heart disease (IHD; 85% male; age, 57.6±6.5 years), and 57 patients with nonfailing hearts (35% male; age, 67.8±9.3 years) as controls (Figure [A]). The gene discussed is PLN; the disease is myocardial ischemia.