TNF and intestinal disorder: A study conducted by Ranganathan et al. [75, 76] demonstrated the link between the colon and the kidney in DSS-induced UC, which caused acute kidney damage and increased levels of cytokines and chemokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), in contrast to this work, which did not observe changes in the renal oxidative or the inflammatory profile of the intestinal disease [76].