Our study indicated significant decreases in semaphorin 3C after 12 weeks HIFT, and is in agreement with other reports where 12 weeks endurance training in healthy obese young males decreased chemerin, visfatin and semaphorin 3C levels, and with simultaneous decreases in body fat mass and insulin resistance, suggesting that changes in markers of obesity correlated with the changes in serum levels of semaphorin 3C (41). Here, RARRES2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.