HGF and uveal melanoma: In uveal melanoma tumors, the PI3K/AKT and PKC/MAPK pathways are highly activated, suggesting a rationale for inhibiting these signaling cascades (Croce et al., 2019), and one in vitro study determined the effect of hepatocyte stimulation factor (HGF) in uveal melanoma cell lines (Tanaka et al., 2021).