REN and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Another study also showed that telmisartan therapy increased the insulin level in blood (Fouad et al., 2010), which could be explained by suppressing the mRNA expression of the components of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), NADPH oxidase, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in pancreas of type 2 diabetic animals, and all of these changes may increase the insulin release and its serum levels (Hasegawa et al., 2009).