TNF and melanoma: In the infection of SARS-CoV-2, lnc02384 can act as a possible transcriptional enhancer of neighboring IFN-γ-encoding genes (Moazzam-Jazi et al., 2021) and promote IFN-γ synthesis; in addition, in the study on melanoma lnc02384 was discovered to uptake miR-891a-5p (Zhang et al., 2021) and decreased levels of miR-891a-5p were able to increase TGFβ-1 mRNA transcript levels (Shen et al., 2023), which ultimately has the effect of promoting the expression and activation of other cytokines including interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).