Excessive activation of inflammatory pathways such as TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 and TLR4/Akt/mTOR promotes an increase in the central nervous system inflammatory response and participates in the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment (Wang et al., 2021; Cui et al., 2021). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is Cognitive impairment.