In recurrent/metastatic HNSCC, treatment with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) checkpoint has shown overall survival benefit in the first- and second-line settings (16).The available preclinical, translational, and clinical trial data strongly support the combination of PARPi with immune checkpoint inhibitors (11, 17–26) in patients with HNSCC. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.